CANADA CITIZEN / PR DEPENDENT VISA

How to Get Canada Permanent Resident Visa?

Canada PR visa is a popular choice for those looking to migrate to Canada. And why not? The immigrant-friendly policies of Canada and the government’s encouragement of migrants to come and settle here have motivated many to try and migrate here.

Apart from this, settling down in Canada holds the promise of a comfortable lifestyle and the right living conditions. There are numerous job opportunities and the promise of personal freedom.

One of the options to migrate to Canada is to obtain a Permanent Resident (PR) visa. With a PR visa, you will be given permanent resident status. The validity of a PR visa is five years which can later be renewed.

The PR visa does not make you a citizen of Canada; you are still a citizen of your native country. As a PR visa holder, you can enjoy the following benefits:

  • Can apply for Canadian citizenship in the future
  • Can live, work and study anywhere in Canada
  • Eligible for healthcare and other social benefits enjoyed by Canadian citizens
  • Protection under Canadian law

You will have to exclusively apply for the PR visa if you are a student or a worker from a foreign country, it does not automatically make you a permanent resident of the country.

Refugees from another country do not automatically become permanent residents. Their status as a refugee must be approved by the Immigration and Refugee Board. Subsequent to this, they can apply for and obtain a PR status.

How does one obtain a Permanent Resident (PR) visa?

To get a PR visa, you will have to go through an application process. The applications go through elaborate scrutiny. The eligibility for a Canada PR visa is through a points-based system. The applicants are assessed on various points such as age, language, education and work experience.

Canada offers different immigration programs through which you can apply for permanent residency status. Among these the most popular are:

  • Express Entry Program
  • Provincial Nominee Program (PNP)
  • Business Immigration Program
  • Family class Immigration
  • Experience class Immigration

How do I use the Express Entry system for a PR visa?

A candidate applying for the PR visa through the Express Entry program will have to go through a points-based selection system. The Express Entry System basically consists of three sub-categories:

  1. Federal Skilled Workers Program (FSWP)
  2. Federal Skilled Trades Program (FSTP)
  3. Canadian Experience Class (CEC)

If you are a skilled worker, you can apply for a PR visa under the Federal Skilled Workers Program. This was initiated by the Canadian government in 2015 to encourage skilled workers to come and settle in the country. To qualify under this program, you should be able to get 67 points out of 100 in the eligibility factors given below:

  1. Age: Those between 18-35 years get maximum points. Those above 35 get lesser points while the maximum age to qualify is 45 years.
  1. Education: Under this category, your educational qualification must be equal to higher secondary education under Canadian standards.
  1. Work experience: For minimum points, you should have at least one-year of full-time work experience. More years of work experience means more points. Your occupation must be listed as Skill Type 0 or Skill Level A or B of the National Occupational Classification (NOC).
  1. Language ability: You must have at least 6 bands in your IELTS test and the score must be less than 2 years old. You get extra points if you are proficient in French.
  1. Adaptability: If your spouse or common-law partner is willing to migrate with you to Canada, you are entitled to 10 extra points for adaptability.
  1. Arranged employment: You can gain a maximum of 10 points if you have a valid offer from a Canadian employer.

What happens if I qualify for a PR visa through the Express Entry program?

If you are lucky enough to qualify for a PR visa through the Express Entry program, you can be selected from a pool of eligible candidates based on your Express Entry profile. You will get an Invitation to Apply (ITA) for Canada PR status. If you get your ITA you can start the documentation process for your PR visa.

The ITA is similar to a response sent by the IRCC to Express Entry applicants. It is sent to those who have the highest CRS score in a particular Express Entry draw which is usually held ona monthly basis.

Once you receive your ITA, you are given 90 days to submit documents that support the information you had provided to create your Express Entry profile.

The ITA will let you know which program you have been selected to apply for your PR visa- CEC or any other Express Entry program. If you check the Express Entry portal, you will find a list of documents that is specific to the program you have applied for. You will alsohave to submit these documents with your application. Here are some of the common documents you will be required to submit:

  • Documents supporting your English language test results
  • Civil status documents such as your birth certificate
  • Documents in proof of your education achievements
  • Documents in proof of your work experience
  • Medical certificate
  • Police clearance certificate
  • Proof of funds
  • Photos

You will also have to provide a medical certificate from a doctor approved by the IRCC.

The next step is to give your biometrics (fingerprints and photos). In case you have to give your biometrics, you can go to the nearest biometric collection center.

After you have completed your medical tests, biometrics and the required documents, you can submit your application.

Processing times can differ, but approximately it will take six months for your PR visa to be processed.

You may have to attend a short interview if the IRCC feels the need, before giving the final decision on your application.

If your application is accepted, you will receive the Confirmation of Permanent Residence (COPR) by mail from IRCC. Approval means that as an applicant youand the family members accompanying you will get visas that will allow them to travel to a Canadian Port of Entry (POE) to obtain their official permanent resident documents.

Provincial Nominee Program

Canada offers nearly 80 different Provincial Nominee Program or PNP which have their individual eligibility requirements. The PNP program allows provinces to meet their individual immigration needs by helping them fill jobs that are in demand and meet labor shortages in their province.

Most PNPs require applicants to have some connection to the province. They should have either worked earlier in that province or studied there. Or they should have a job offer from an employer in the province for a job visa.

However, there are some PNPs which require no previous connection to the province you are applying for, you can apply directly to the PNP program of that province.

Some of the popular PNP programs are:

  • Saskatchewan PNP
  • Manitoba PNP
  • Alberta PNP
  • Ontario PNP
  • New Brunswick PNP
  • Nova Scotia
  • Prince Edward Island
  • British Columbia

Eligibility criteria for the PNP:

An applicant must score a minimum number of points to be able to apply for a PR visa. Here are the various criteria under which you can score points to meet the eligibility requirement:

  • Age
  • Education
  • Work experience
  • Language ability
  • Adaptability
  • Arranged employment

Application for a PR visa through the PNP program requires the applicants to have some connection to the province. You can be either working in that province or have studied there. You can be eligible if you have a job offer from an employer in the province.

The criteria for evaluating the PR application can differ for each province.

The PNP is an option you can choose if your CRS points score is not high enough and you still get your provincial nomination. When making your PNP application you can choose a province from where it will be easy to get a nomination based on your profile.

There are two ways to apply for the PNP-Non-Express Entry method and Express Entry method.

In the non-Express Entry method, you will apply directly to the province or territory where you want to work. You will need to send a Notice of Interest (NOI) to the province, and will receive an ITA for permanent residence if chosen. This process could take 15 to 19 months.

In the Express Entry method, you will have to create an online Express Entry Profile, during which you will be asked to indicate the province or territory in which you are interested. Then you will either have to apply directly for nomination depending on the province or territory, or you will be selected and notified by the province.

Express Entry linked PNPS:

Eligibility criteria for Express Entry linked PNPs:

Prince Edward Island

Eligibility criteria:

The first important aspect is that you must be eligible for nomination under PEI Express Entry by meeting the requirements of any of the Federal Economic Immigration programs:

  • Federal Skilled Worker Program.
  • Federal Skilled Trades Program; or
  • Canadian Experience Class

PEI offers two pathways to permanent residency through the Express Entry Category, depending on the fact whether you have a job offer in PEI or not.  First preference will be given to those who are living and working in the province.

Saskatchewan

Eligibility Criteria:

You must have gained acceptance in IRCC’s Express Entry pool and pay a non-refundable $350 application fee of CAD 350.

You will qualify for the program if you are living outside Canada or have proof of your legal status. Other eligibility conditions include:

  • You must have a valid Express Entry Profile Number and Job Seeker Code.
  • You must have a minimum score of 60 points on the SINP point assessment grid.
  • Your language test result should meet the federal Express Entry language requirements.
  • You must have completed post-secondary school or training that is comparable to at least one year of Canadian education. You must have a diploma, certificate, or degree.
  1. For any educational qualification completed outside Canada, you must submit an educational credential assessment (ECA) from IRCC’s list of approved organizations.
  • You must have work experience in a job that is not on the Excluded Occupation List.

Minimum work experience required:

  • For skilled professionals (not tradespeople): one-year work experience in the past 10 years.
  • For skilled tradespeople: two years’ work experience in a skilled trade in the past five years.
  • One year of work experience in Canada in the past three years (skilled tradespeople and skilled professionals).
  • Your work experience must be related to your job and education.

Manitoba

Eligibility Criteria:

A friend or relative who has a PR status/Canadian citizenship will have to submit an Expression of Interest under-skilled worker overseas. The Expression of Interest should have details about:

  • your identity
  • your contact information
  • your education, work experience, and official language proficiency
  • your connection to Manitoba and Canada

British Columbia

Eligibility Criteria:

To qualify, you must first have a valid job offer from a B.C. employer. You should also have the relevant training and experience.

Alberta

Eligibility criteria

An application can be made by candidates who have demonstrated good ties to Alberta or who can help support the economic growth and diversification goals of the government.

New Foundland and Labrador

Eligibility Criteria:

  • You must have taken the IELTS or Canadian English Language Proficiency Index Program (CELPIP) language test within the last twelve months and have a score equal to Canadian Language Benchmark (CLB) level 5 or higher.
  • You must have a minimum age of 21 years of age
  • You must have an intention to live in Newfoundland and Labrador on a permanent basis

Nova Scotia

To apply for this province, applicants must have at least one year of experience working in Nova Scotia in a highly skilled occupation.

Eligibility Criteria:

  • You must have at least 1 year of work experience in the province.
  • You must be between 21 to 55 years.
  • Your education should be a Canadian high school credential or equivalent.
  • You should have language ability in English or French on the Canadian Language Benchmark (CLB).
  • Your profile must be registered in the Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada’s Express Entry system

Ontario

Ontario’s Express Entry Human Capital Priorities Stream is an immigration stream under the Ontario Immigrant Nominee Program (OINP).

Eligibility criteria:

You must have a clear profile in the Express Entry system of Immigration, Refugees, and Citizenship Canada (IRCC’s) and obtain a Notification of Interest from Ontario before you can apply online to be nominated for permanent residence by the Ontario government.

Northwest Territories

Northwest Territories Express Entry Stream for Skilled Workers

Eligibility criteria:

  • Possess the Express Entry pool acceptance letter issued by Immigration, Refugees, and Citizenship Canada’s Express Entry Pool.
  • Provide a valid job seeker validation code.
  • Maintain legitimate status during the application process in the Express Entry pool.
  • Meet the qualifying requirements for the Skilled Worker Stream of the Northwest Territories.
  • Must have interest in permanently settling in the Northwest Territories.

Those wishing to apply for the PNP programs linked with Express Entry pool must first create an Express Entry profile. There is also the option for applying under the non-Express Entry aligned PNPs.

If you are applying under such a PNP, you can add 600 CRS points to your Express Entry application. This increases your possibility of getting an Invitation to Apply (ITA) for your PR visa in the subsequent invitation round. Those wishing to apply for such PNP programs must first create an Express Entry profile.

You will be asked to indicate the province or territory in which you are interested. Then you will either have to apply directly for nomination depending on the province or territory, or you will be selected and notified by the province.

Provincial Nominee Programs in Canada

PROVINCE

CATEGORY / STREAM

Alberta

Express Entry

Alberta Opportunity Stream

Self-employed farmer stream

British Columbia

Skills Immigration Express Entry BC

Entrepreneur immigration

Manitoba

Skilled Workers in Manitoba, International Education Stream, Skilled Workers Overseas

New Brunswick

Entrepreneurs, International graduates Skilled workers with employer support

 Skilled workers under EE stream

Newfoundland and Labrador

Express Entry

Skilled workers International graduates

 Entrepreneurs

Nova Scotia

Express Entry

Skilled workers

Entrepreneurs

Ontario

Human Capital Priorities Stream

Prince Edward Island

Express Entry Entrepreneur

International graduates

Saskatchewan

Express Entry

Skilled worker Occupation In-Demand

North West Territories

Employer driven

Business

Yukon

Foreign workers

Business nominee

Saskatchewan PNP

Candidates for Saskatchewan Immigrant Nominee Program (SINP) can apply under any one of the following categories:

  1. International Skilled Worker Category
  2. Saskatchewan Experience Category
  3. Entrepreneur and Farm Category
  4. International Skilled Worker Category: This category offers opportunities for skilled workers from outside Canada. Under this stream, the province of Saskatchewan will select candidates to nominate for immigration if they have the skilled work experience any one of Saskatchewan’s in-demand occupations.

2.Saskatchewan Experience Category: Under this category, foreign nationals who are already living and working in Saskatchewan and want to become permanent residents can apply. This program is divided into several streams.

  1. Entrepreneur and Farm Category:This stream is open for those who want to start a business in the province or wish to own or operate a farm in Saskatchewan.

Before you apply under any of these categories ensure that you meet the eligibility requirements.

Application process

Application to the SINP is a two-step process.

In the first step you must first submit an Expression of Interest for SINP. Based on your qualifications you will be given a score out of 100 points using the SINP points assessment grid. To be eligible you must score a minimum of 60 points out of 100. Candidates with the highest scores will be invited to apply for the SINP.

In the second step, you must submit an official application for provincial nomination. Once your application is approved you can directly apply to the Canadian government for your permanent resident status.

Manitoba PNP

The Manitoba Provincial Nominee Program (MPNP) welcomes graduates, skilled workers, businesspeople and their families to settle in the province as permanent residents.

PNP pathways in Manitoba

Skilled Worker Stream: This stream is open for skilled workers who can meet the needs of the local labor market. There are two streams under this category:

  • Skilled Workers in Manitoba
  • Skilled Workers Overseas

International Education Stream: This stream is for international students graduates in Manitoba. There are three pathways under this stream:

  • Career Employment Pathway
  • Graduate Internship Pathway
  • International Student Entrepreneur Pilot

International students from other provinces are not eligible for this stream.

Business Investor Stream: Under this stream Manitoba will recruit and nominate qualified business investors and entrepreneurs from around the world intend to start or buy a business in Manitoba.

There are two pathways under this stream:

  • Entrepreneur Pathway
  • Farm Investor Pathway

Eligibility requirements

  • Applicant must be between 21 and 45 years
  • Must have at least an undergraduate degree or diploma
  • Have a minimum score of 60 out of 100 in the MPNP assessment grid
  • Have a minimum of 2 years of experience in relevant field
  • Must have a valid job offer in an occupation in-demand
  • Must have a minimum score of 4.5 I IELTS exam

The Manitoba PNP draws work on an Expression of Interest (EOI) basis. 

Manitoba PNP In-demand occupations: This is an important aspect of each pathway in Manitoba. This list provides details of in-demand occupations in the province. These are related to specific skilled streams. Applicants must belong to the specific occupation and meet the criteria and requirements for the pathway. Those meeting these conditions will qualify for the draw.

Alberta PNP

The province of Alberta has over the years become a popular destination for immigrants to settle in Canada under the Provincial Nominee program (PNP). The province offers several job opportunities owing to its impressive economic growth in recent years. The Alberta PNP is known as the Alberta Immigrant Nominee Program (AINP). This is an economic immigration program which nominates immigration candidates for permanent residence in Canada.

The nominees must have the skills and abilities to fill the job shortage in the province. Individuals nominated under the program can apply for a PR visa together with their spouse and dependent children.

The applications for the AINP are managed by the IRCC. The final decisions on the PR visa are taken by the federal government.

Eligibility requirements for the AINP

  • Applicants should have a job offer for full-time and/or permanent employment from an Alberta employer.
  • They must have the basic work experience required by the employer to qualify for immigration nomination
  • They should have the minimum scores in the language proficiency tests to qualify for a nomination
  • They should show an intention to live and work in Alberta
  • Applicants should have a legitimate work permit and other associated documents
  • They should identify their occupation under any of the NOC categories _ O, A and B
  • Applicants must submit proof of legal residence in their home country
  • Applicants should have a Labor Market Impact Assessment (LMIA) confirmation letter

Steps to apply

Step 1. Read the AINP terms and conditions

Step 2. Review the AINP selection criteria

Step 3. Review the language testing requirements

Step 4. Download the Document Checklist and complete the required forms

Step 5. Mail the application

Ontario PNP

Ontario is the most populated province in Canada with over 40 percent of Canadians living here.  Canada’s capital city of Ontario is located here.

Ontario’s provincial nominee program is called the Ontario Immigrant Nominee Program (OINP). Immigration candidates with skills and experience receive a provincial nomination through which they can apply for permanent residency in Canada.

The OINP has the following immigration categories:

1.Human Capital Category has two categories – Ontario’s Express Entry streams and the International Graduates streams.

Eligibility requirements

Express entry stream- Candidate must have received notification of interest from Ontario and have an updated profile.

International graduate stream- To qualify in either of its two streams- Masters Graduate or PhD Graduate streams- the candidate must have a degree from an eligible Ontario university and apply within two years of getting the degree.

2.Employer Job Offer Category- three streams

  1. Foreign Worker stream
  2. International Student stream
  3. In-Demand Skills stream

Eligibility requirements

Full-time and permanent job offer from an employer in Ontario.

3.Business Category

Eligibility requirements

Candidate must be an entrepreneur from outside Canada looking to implement a new business idea or buy an existing business in Ontario.

Steps to apply

There are three main steps to follow when applying for OINP:

1.Ensure that you qualify

After selecting the stream, you want to apply under, ensure you fulfill all the mandatory requirements for the stream.

  1. Apply for nomination by the Ontario government

Apply online, through the OINP e-Filing Portal, this will take two to three hours.

  1. Apply to the Government of Canada for permanent residence

If your application is successful and you are nominated by the province, you can apply for your permanent residence through IRCC.

New Brunswick PNP

New Brunswick is a maritime province in Canada. It is the only officially bilingual province in Canada, with around 30 percent of the population speaking French as a first language. New Brunswick’s Provincial Nominee Program or the NBPNP targets prospective immigrants who have the required skills and experience.

The NBPNP has the following streams for different immigration categories:

  • Express Entry Labor Market Stream
  • Skilled Workers with Employer Support
  • Post-Graduate Entrepreneurial Stream
  • Entrepreneurial Stream
  • Skilled Workers with Family Support
  • Succession Connect pilot program

New Brunswick is also one of the four participating Atlantic provinces working with the Government of Canada in the Atlantic Immigration Pilot Program (AIPP).

 Eligibility requirements for the NBPNP

  • Candidate must be between 22 and 55
  • Have the required language proficiency and have language test result not less than two years old as proof
  • Must have completed the ECA
  • If applying for a provincial nomination under an occupation, applicant must have a valid job offer from a New Brunswick employer
  • Have at least 12 months of full time or part time work experience in the province three years before making the application
  • Must sign a commitment to live and work in the province
  • Show proof of having enough funds to support themselves and their families

Steps to apply for NBPNP

Determine your eligibility

Apply for the most promising New Brunswick Provincial Nominee Program Stream

Get your ECA done

Complete the language proficiency tests

Submit your application

Receive your provincial nomination certificate

Nova Scotia PNP

Nova Scotia is a highly-favored province by immigrants because it favors highly skilled workers.

The Nova Scotia PNP allows applicants to qualify under a range of skilled occupations. Apart from these entrepreneurs, international graduates and temporary foreign works can use the PNP of this province to settle down in Canada.

The Nova Scotia Immigration Program is aligned with the Express Entry system. Candidates with an active Express Entry profile are eligible to apply for this program. Nova Scotia’s PNP offers two categories. 

Category A which requires candidates to have a job offer from an employer in the province. This could be a challenge for applicants from outside Canada.

Category B does not have such a condition. The candidates are only required to have experience in any of the in-demand occupations in the province.

 Here are the eligibility requirements to apply under the two categories:

 Eligibility requirements to apply under Category A

Applicant must register his profile with the Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada’s Express Entry system

  • He must score a minimum of 67 points or more in the eligibility criteria
  • He must have a job offer from a Nova Scotia employer for full-time work with a validity of at least one year after your PR visa is issued
  • He must have at least one year of skilled work experience related to the job
  • He must have completed education equivalent to Canadian high school credentials
  • He must prove his proficiency in either English or French based on the Canadian Language Benchmark
  • He must have financial resources to help him settle in the province

Eligibility requirements to apply under Category B

Applicant must be in one of the target occupations as identified in the Nova Scotia Demand: Express Entry guide

Applicant must register his profile with the Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada’s Express Entry system

  • He must score a minimum of 67 points or more in the eligibility criteria
  • He must have at least 1 year of skilled work experience in one of the province’s target occupations
  • He must have completed education equivalent to Canadian high school credentials
  • He must prove his proficiency in either English or French based on the Canadian Language Benchmark
  • He must have financial resources to help him settle in the province

Application process

  • Apply in Nova Scotia
  • Fulfil the requirements and submit the complete application
  • Obtain a nomination from the province
  • Receive the nomination certificate
  • Apply for Canada PR Visa with IRCC

Prince Edward Island PNP

Prince Edward Island’s Provincial Nominee Program also known as the PEI PNP provides prospective immigrants with experience and skills opportunities to apply for the Prince Edward Island Provincial Nomination Certificate after which they can apply for the Canadian permanent residence.

The PEI PNP offers three major immigration categories:

  • PEI PNP Express Entry
  • Labor Impact Category
  • Business Impact Category

PEI PNP Express Entry

Under this category, candidates who are eligible under the Express Entry pool and are interested to live in the province can apply. However only those candidates who have skills that match the labor needs of the province will be considered for nomination under this category.

Labor Impact Category

Immigration candidates who have the required skills and experience to meet the needs of the labor market in the province. The stream has three categories:

1.Skilled Worker Stream: This stream is for workers who have been selected or identified by an employer in the province. To be eligible to apply under this stream, the applicant must be either working in the province or have a job offer from an employee in the province.

2.Critical Worker Stream: This stream is applicable to workers who have been hired by an employer in the province and the employer wishes to sponsor them for a PR visa. The applicants can belong to either a semi-skilled or unskilled profession.

3.International Graduate Stream: Recent graduates from recognized universities and colleges in the province who have already been hired by a PEI employer. Eligible applicants will have to work in a skilled profession related to their field of study.

Business Impact Category

This category has a single stream called the Work Permit Stream. This stream is for individuals who want to invest in a business in the province.

Atlantic Immigration Pilot Program

Prince Edward Island is also one of four provinces included in the Atlantic Immigration Pilot Program (AIPP).

British Columbia PNP

The British Columbia (BC) PNP is a pathway for permanent residence for highly skilled workers, in-demand workers, and entrepreneurs. This program is operated by the province’s government in collaboration with the federal immigration department and the IRCC.  The province gets a limited number of nominations each year.

 The BC PNP accepts applications under three major categories: 

  1. Skills Immigration
  2. Express Entry BC
  3. Entrepreneur Immigration

Each category has its individual streams.

Here are more details about each stream

  1. Skills immigration: This stream is targeted at skilled and semi-skilled workers required for high-demand occupations in the province and further divided into five categories.
  • Skilled Worker Category
  • Healthcare Professional Category
  • International Graduate Category
  • International Post-Graduate Category
  • Entry Level and Semi-Skilled Worker Category

Invitations under this stream are issued based on points. Some of the categories do not need prior work experience. Skilled workers require work experience while the entry level and semi-skilled category of workers need to have some work experience in the province. Recent international graduates from a Canadian university or college do not need any prior work experience.

  1. Express Entry BC: This stream provides a faster way for skilled workers to move to the province. To qualify for this stream, you must be eligible under a federal economic immigration program. Applicants must complete their Express Entry profile and meet the eligibility requirements in any one of the following immigration programs under Express Entry:
  • Federal Skilled Worker Program
  • Federal Skilled Trades Program
  • Canadian Experience Class

If applicants meet the minimum eligibility requirements under any of the above programs, they will get their Express Entry profile number.

The invitations are given provided applicants qualify under a points-based system. The eligibility requirements under this stream are similar to the Express Entry stream which includes relevant work experience, language and education requirements.

3.Entrepreneur Immigration:  This program consists of three streams.

  • Entrepreneur Immigration Category
  • Entrepreneur Immigration — Regional Pilot
  • Strategic Projects Category

Entrepreneur immigration category: This stream is for entrepreneurs who wish to set up a business in the province. The invitation under this system is also points-based. The applicants must have the required funds to invest in a business. They will be eligible for PR under the entrepreneur immigration stream.

Entrepreneur immigration regional pilot stream: This is for investors wishing to start a new business in the regional communities across the province.

Strategic projects category: Under this category foreign based companies can set up their operations in the province. Five foreign professionals who can work for the business can be nominated for PR in the province under this scheme.

Application process

Applicants to the BC PNP must follow a two-stage process, they must first apply for a nomination to the provincial government and if they are nominated, they must next apply for permanent residence to the federal government.

Differences between the various PNP programs

Some PNP Canada streams are aligned with the Express Entry system, while some are not aligned to the EE system.

Some PNP programs require applicants to have a job offer, while others do not.

Applicants can apply directly to some PNP streams while others issue invitations on an Expression of Interest (EOI) basis, where applicants must first get an ITA before submitting their application.

Need for PNP:

More than 80 percent of migrants prefer to settle down in the big cities and municipalities. Provinces are looking at steering immigrants away from the big cities to settle in provinces to promote development in smaller cities and municipalities and contribute to their economic development. Many provinces and territories recently introduced regional PNP streams to encourage migrants to move to regional areas.

Provinces look for immigrants who can contribute to the economic growth of the province and are ready to settle down in the province. The provinces look for the following conditions when selecting candidates:

  • A job offer in the province
  • Work experience in important industries
  • English or French language skills
  • Presence of close relations in the province
  • Ability to adapt to lifestyle in the province

How do I qualify for a PR visa through the Provincial Nominee Program (PNP)?

If you feel that you may not get the required points for a PR visa under the Express Entry program, you can consider the Provincial Nominee Program. There are two ways to use the PNP program to get your PR visa.

  1. If any province requires a profile like yours, they can select your profile for nomination and send you an invitation to apply for a PR visa.
  2. If you want to settle in a specific Canadian province, you can directly apply to that province.
  3. If you meet the requirements you will receive a nomination from the province. You can apply for permanent residency after you receive the nomination form.

Another advantage of using the PNP program is you can include the points you scored in the Express Entry Program if you applied for a PR visa under that program earlier. These points will be added to your PNP profile.

A step-by-step method to apply for the Provincial Nominee Program

  • Identify the right PNP: You will first have to identify the province you want to migrate to, then you should the PNP streams that you qualify for by checking the requirements of that province.
  • Apply to the PNP you have chosen: Apply directly to that particular province.
  • Get Provincial Nomination certificate: If your application qualifies, the province or territory will give you a provincial nomination to apply for Canadian permanent residence.
  • Submit your PR application: The next step is to apply to the Canadian federal government for your PR visa. For Express Entry linked PNPS, you can submit your application online but for others, you will have to go for a paper-based application.

Application process

It’s a two-step process to apply for Canadian permanent residence through a PNP program.

 You must apply to the province first. After it is approved, you must then submit your application to the federal government. Canadian PR can only be given to you by the federal government.

The processing time varies between provinces, but it usually takes a few months for the processing of the application.

Business Immigration Program:

Individuals interested in doing business in Canada can apply for a PR visa through the Canada Business Immigration Program. This program was designed to encourage migrants who can invest or establish a business in Canada. They must be high net worth individuals or must have either business or managerial experience to establish and run a business in Canada. The Canadian government has specified three categories of people for this type of visa.

  • Investors
  • Entrepreneurs
  • Self Employed Persons

Family Class Immigration:

Spousal sponsorship program

If you have moved to Canada and wish to bring your spouse to the country, you can apply for a spousal sponsorship for this purpose.

You can sponsor your spouse, common law partner or conjugal partner under this sponsorship program.

 Eligibility requirements for spousal sponsorship program:

You can sponsor your spouse or partner if you are a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and are at least 18 years old.

You must be living in Canada or plan to return to the country once your spouse or partner gets permanent residence.

You must be able to meet the basic financial needs of your spouse or partner for three years once they enter the country.

Proof of relationship

If you are looking to sponsor your spouse, you must provide the following documents as proof of your relationship:

  • Marriage certificate from the government
  • Completed relationship Information and Sponsorship Evaluation questionnaire
  • Invitations and photos of your marriage
  • Birth certificates or adoption records of your children with your spouse or partner
  • Proof of registration of marriage
  • Proof that you and your spouse are joint owners of property
  • Proof of shared bank accounts

Categories you can apply under for spousal sponsorship

When your spouse is outside Canada you should apply under the Family Class (outland) category. But you cannot live with your spouse till your sponsorship application is approved. But your spouse can come to the country on a temporary visa while the sponsorship application is being sponsored.

You can sponsor your spouse or partner even if they are living in Canada, provided you are holding a valid immigration status or have applied for an open work permit to work in Canada while the application is being processed. But as an applicant you should avoid travel outside Canada while your application is being processed.

 Processing time for spousal sponsorship applications

The average processing time for spousal sponsorship programs is around 12 months.

However, this depends on factors such as submission of the complete documents, proof of relationship documents and the number of applications with the immigration department.

Individuals who are permanent residents or citizens of Canada can sponsor their family members for PR status if they are 18 years or older. They are eligible to sponsor the following categories of family members:

  • Spouse
  • Conjugal partner
  • Common-law partner
  • Dependent or adopted children
  • Parents
  • Grandparents

Eligibility requirements for a sponsor:

Apart from being above 18 years and being a PR visa holder or Canadian citizen, a sponsor must:

  • Provide proof that he/she has the financial support to support family members or dependents
  • With the government’s approval, he/she must agree to support the family members being sponsored for a certain amount of time
  • Must be residing in Canada or have the intention to live in the country during the arrival of the sponsored relative
  • Must not be bankrupt
  • Must not be charged with any criminal offense
  • Must not be under a removal order if he/she is a Permanent Resident

When a relative arrives in Canada, the sponsor assumes all financial responsibility

 In order to be a sponsor, the permanent resident or citizen must:

  • Sign a sponsorship agreement with the relative in which he promises to provide him with financial assistance, if necessary.
  • Provide financial assistance to a spouse, common-law or conjugal partner for a period of three years from the date of permanent residence of the spouse.
  • Provide a dependent child with financial assistance for 10 years, or until the child turns 25, whichever comes first.

Canadian Experience Class

The Canadian Experience Class or CEC program is aimed to help foreign workers or students who are staying on a temporary basis in Canada to become permanent residents. It considers their work experience or education and their contribution to Canadian society for granting PR status.

You can qualify for this visa if you have studied or worked in Canada and meet the minimum requirements. The other important eligibility requirements are:

  • 12 months of work experience- either full-time or part-time in the past three years
  • Work experience must have proper authorization
  • Applicant must have plans to live in a province outside Quebec
  • Meet the language proficiency requirements

Quebec Skilled Worker Program (QSWP)

Quebec has its own Provincial Nominee Program known as the Quebec Skilled Worker Program (QSWP). This is an immigration program that provides a fast and convenient way to migrate to Canada.

This immigration program started with the goal of attracting more immigrants to come and settle in Quebec without the necessity of going through a lengthy immigration process.

Through this program, skilled workers can apply for the Quebec Selection Certificate or Certificat de sélection du Québec (CSQ). It is not necessary for applicants to have a valid job offer in order to migrate to Quebec. However, those with a job offer are given higher priority.

 The QSWP is also based on a points-based system like the Express Entry System.

The application process involves just two steps:

Step 1: Send in the completed application form along with the documents required. The Immigration authorities will then verify your documents.

Step 2: You will be issued a CSQ by the immigration authorities which allows you to migrate to and remain in Quebec for 3 months. You can apply for a PR Visa after this period.

What are the documents required for the PR application process?

  • Valid passport
  • Proof of age
  • Identity proof
  • Certificates to support your educational qualifications
  • IELTS scorecard with the valid score
  • Certificates to prove medical fitness
  • Police clearance certificate

What are the steps to apply for Canadian PR visa?

Once you have decided on the immigration program through which you are applying for a PR visa and gathered the required documents, follow these steps in your application:

Note: If you have applied through the Express Entry program, you will have to apply within 90 days if you get an invitation to apply.

Step1:

Complete your language ability tests even before you start the application process. Take the IELTS exam and get the required scores. If required, you might need to take a French-language test.

Step 2:

Submit your application based on the requirements of the immigration program you have decided on.

Step 3:

Submit all the required documents. Ensure you provide only genuine documents. Remember that the education and work experience documents require authentication.

Step 4:

Gather the required documents for proof of funds to support your stay in Canada. Get your medical checkup and police verification records ready.

Step 5:

Your documents will go through a mandatory examination by an immigration officer. Be prepared to provide any additional information if required.

Step 6:

You will receive confirmation of your PR status and will receive a COPR (Confirmation of Permanent Residence) card.

Step 7:

Apply for your PR card

The general processing time for the PR visa is 5 to 8 months. However, the processing time depends on the program under which you made an application. For instance, if you applied under the CEC program your application will be processed within three to four months.

What are the Canada PR application fees?

To get your Canada PR you will need to pay the PR fees for yourself as the primary applicant, your spouse and the dependents included in the PR application. Here is the breakup of the PR fees:

  • Primary applicant – CAD 825 (without right of permanent residence fees)
  • Primary applicant – CAD 1,325 (with right of permanent residence fees)
  • Spouse – CAD 825 (without right of permanent residence fees)
  • Spouse – CAD 1325 (with right of permanent residence fees)
  • Child (under 22 years) – CAD 225

Apart from this, you will have to pay for the following parts of your PR application:

  • ECA from WES fees- CAD 305 per person
  • IELTS test fees-CAD 259 per person
  • Medical test fees- CAD 60 per person
  • PCC fees-CAD 20 per person

Proof of funds:

Immigration candidates should also provide proof of funds called settlement funds to prove that they have the required funds to support their stay and that of their dependents once they come to Canada till they are able to earn their income in the country. Letters from banks where the money is deposited is required as proof. The settlement funds will vary depending on the number of family members of the primary PR applicant.

Canada PR applicants are required to submit proof that they have enough money to support themselves and their family if they are intending to settle down in Canada. Applicants are exempt from this rule if they:

  • Are authorized to work in Canada
  • Have a valid job offer from an employer in Canada

The funds should be enough to cover the cost of living for themselves and their family members once they come to Canada. Applicants should submit proof that they have the required funds when they submit their application.

The amount of money required depends on the size of the family of the immigrant. The amounts are revised every year.

Variations in cost:

If you decide to take the services of an immigration consultant to help you in the PR visa process, then you will have to factor in the cost of their services while calculating the cost of your PR visa.

Total cost for a PR visa:

The total cost of your PR visa will be the sum of your application fees for you and your spouse and dependents, fees for medical examination, English language test, ECA fees, PCC fees, etc.

Knowledge of the Canada PR visa process and the expenses involved will give you a good idea of the total costs and the expenses you will need to incur for the visa.

Processing time for Canada PR

The processing time also depends on the type of application or the immigration program you have applied to. The processing times vary based on the number of applications received for each immigration program. Some immigration programs get the same number of applications every month, so the processing time does not vary. Some programs may get more applications in one month and lesser in other months, this causes a variation.

Some other factors that could affect your processing time:

  • The time is taken by the immigration department to process your application
  • The time is taken to verify the information sent by you
  • The response time from your end for any requests for information

Different processing times for different immigration programs

 If you have opted for the Express Entry Program to apply for your visa, the average time taken to process your visa will be six months. Your application is placed in the Express Entry pool and it will be ranked in relation to other applications based on your CRS (comprehensive ranking system). If you clear the cut-off, you will get an Invitation to Apply (ITA) for your permanent residency.

The average processing time for the PR visa right from the filing of the application to getting the invitation to apply (ITA) from Canadian authorities is 6 months.

In the other popular immigration program – the Provincial Nominee Program (PNP), the process is almost like the Express Entry program. The only difference being the verification process takes a little longer, this can extend the processing time to about 12 months.

For the Quebec skilled Workers Program (QSWP), a provincial immigration program run by the Quebec province, the processing time is between 12-16 months.

The processing time varies for each immigration program because it depends on the number of applications each program receives in a month.  Tor some programs, the number of applications is consistent every month, then there is no variation in the processing time.  For some programs, the number of applications can vary in the year, some programs have specific application times during the year. In such cases the processing time can vary.

The processing time is the period between the day the authorities receive your complete application and the day a decision is made on the application. The immigration authorities estimate the processing time based on the current number of applications that are waiting to be processed and their estimate of how much time it will take to process 80% of these applications.

The other option is they make a historical projection based on how much time it took to process 80% of applications in the past.

Factors that determine processing time

There are certain factors that determine the processing time of your PR visa. They are:

  • Submission of the complete application form with all the details and supporting documents
  • Provide biometrics if required and within 30 days of receiving a request for the same.
  • Payment of the requisite fees using the correct method of payment

Avoid delays

You can ensure that you avoid delays in the processing time by taking care of the following:

  • Fill out the application form after reading the application guide for your immigration category
  • Ensure that your application includes all the required documents
  • Double-check your application before you send it

Comprehensive Ranking System (CRS)

Gaining entry in the Express Entry pool requires that you have the required score in the Comprehensive Ranking System or CRS. The CRS is a merit-based points system where points are given to candidates based on certain factors. Every applicant in the Express Entry system is assigned a CRS score out of 1200 points. The CRS score keeps changing with every Express Entry draw and if the applicant has the required CRS score for that particular draw, then he will get an invitation to apply for a PR visa.

Factors that determine the CRS core

The CRS score has four important factors. Your profile will be given a score based on these factors.

The CRS score factors include:

  • Human capital factors
  • Spouse or common-law partner factors
  • Skill transferability
  • Additional points

Human capital and spouse common law partner factors: You can score a maximum of 500 points under both these factors. Your human capital score will be calculated based on the criteria mentioned above.

Regarding the points you can score under the spouse/common law partner factor, you can score a maximum of 500 points if your spouse/common-law partner is not coming with you to Canada.  You can score a maximum of 460 points if your spouse is coming with you to Canada.

Human capital factor

Accompanied by spouse/common law partner

Not accompanied by spouse/common law partner

Age

100

110

Educational Qualification

140

150

Language proficiency

150

160

Adaptability

70

80

Skill Transferability: You can gain a maximum of 100 points under this category. The three important factors considered under Skill Transferability include:

Education: A high-level of language proficiency and a post-secondary degree or Canadian work experience combined with a post-secondary degree can give you 50 points.

Work Experience: Foreign work experience combined with high-level language proficiency or Canadian work experience with foreign work experience will give you 50 points.

Canadian qualification: A certificate of qualification with a high level of language proficiency will give you 50 points.

Additional points: It is possible to gain a maximum of 600 points based on various factors. Here is a breakdown of the points.

Factor

Maximum points

Sibling in Canada who is a citizen or PR visa holder

15

French language proficiency

30

Post-secondary education in Canada

30

Arranged employment

200

PNP nomination

600

These are the various criteria under which your CRS score will be calculated for you to qualify for an ITA under the Express Entry category for a Canada PR visa.

Improving your CRS score

If you do not meet the required CRS score you can always find ways to improve your points so that you get the required points to secure an Invitation to Apply (ITA) for the PR visa.

 Here are some ways to improve your CRS score:

Improve your language score: If you score well in language tests such as the IELTS, you will have significant addition to your CRS score. For instance, if you score a Canadian Language Benchmark (CLB) of 9 in the language test, you will get up to 136 direct points added to your CRS score. You can also add up to 24 points by appearing for a language test in French.

Apply under the Provincial Nominee Program: Applying for a PR visa under the PNP will get you 600 additional points for your Express Entry profile if you get an invitation.

 Get a job offer: A job offer from a Canadian employer will give you 200 additional points.

Get an education in Canada: If you complete a recognized degree or diploma in Canada, you can get up to 30 extra points.

Apply for PR with your spouse:  Applying for the visa with your spouse can give you both additional points. Your spouse’s language proficiency will be worth 20 points, while the level of education and Canadian work experience can amount to 10 points under each category. So, you can get up to 40 points to add to your CRS score.

Get an LMIA approved job offer:  You can add up to 600 points to your CRS score if you secure a job offer that is recognized by the Labor Market Impact Assessment (LMIA), from an employer in Canada.

Continue working: If you have less than three years of full-time work experience, you have the chance to add points to your CRS score if you continue working.

If you have opted for the Provincial Nominee Program (PNP), the processing time is like the Express Entry program, but it takes a little longer. The processing time takes an average of 12 months.

For the Quebec skilled Workers Program (QSWP), the average processing time is between 12-16 months.

What a PR visa holder can and cannot do:

PR visa holder can

PR visa holder cannot

• Live, work or study in any province
• Enjoy social security benefits and free healthcare coverage
• Apply for citizenship
• Avail protection under Canadian law

• Vote
• Run for political office
• Hold jobs that require high-security clearance

Applying for PR visa while on a temporary work permit in Canada

It is possible to come to Canada on a temporary work permit and then apply for permanent residency. There are four ways to do this:

Federal Skilled Worker Program

If you work on a temporary work permit with a Canadian employer and the employer has made an offer to you for permanent jobs, you might be able to apply under the Federal Skilled Worker Program for your permanent residency. Such an offer is called an arranged job. The temporary worker would have to meet the necessary criteria under the Foreign Skilled Worker Program which includes getting an educational credential assessment.

Points are awarded based on factors such as education, age, adaptability, language skills and job offer for the applicant. The process can take up to 12-18 months.

Canadian Experience Class

Temporary workers in skilled positions can apply under the Canadian Experience Class program using their work experience in Canada. This is a common choice for those temporary workers who are not reaching the points that the federal skilled worker program needs.

Applicants under the CEC must have at least 2 years of work experience in Canada or have a post-secondary degree in Canada or have 1 year of work experience.Applicants who qualify under the CEC must meet at least one of these requirements before applying for their Canadian permanent residency.

Provincial Nominee Program

In general, applicants may apply for permanent residency within a year to a year and a half under the Provincial Nominee Program. Through this program, employers nominate foreign workers for permanent residency but each program may vary across provinces. But thesecandidates need to be highly qualified.

Quebec Experience Class

Temporary staff can apply via the Quebec Experience Class for their permanent residency. The Quebec Experience Class (QEC) is similar to the Canadian Experience Class (CEC), but additional criteria under the QEC are required.

Applicants under the QEC must have served in a professional position in Quebec for a minimum of 1 year and must speak French at an intermediate level.

Owing to its temporary existence, a work permit is often easier to obtain compared to a permanent residency. Although work experience and a legitimate job offer can offer a major advantage when applying for permanent residency, other conditions such as language skills, adequacy of funds, and educational qualifications must be met by the applicant.

A permanent residency application can be strengthened by obtaining a work permit, work experience, and a job offer  only if it satisfies the criteria of the skilled worker program in which the applicant intends to immigrate to Canada.

Reasons for Canada PR visa rejection

1.Misrepresentation: It can be anything from giving incorrect information or giving misleading information. You may have provided incomplete data because the instructions in the form were not clear and you made mistakes in filling it out. Avoid presenting information that is incorrect. An example is to announce that you are working when you are not.

It is important to prevent falsification of documents Do not submit false documents about your job, assets, etc. As any significant error could prohibit you from reapplying for a visa in the future, be careful when you fill out your application form.

  1. Missing a deadline:Numerous steps are included in the PR visa application process. In order to make the process more streamlined, each step must be completed within a defined time period. Failure to complete these steps within the deadline can lead to the refusal of your visa.

Depending on the deadlines, schedule your application process. Offer yourself sufficient time to collect all the documentation needed so that you can submit your request on time and complete the process within the deadline.

  1. Non-eligibility: With its individual eligibility criteria such as age, educational credentials, job experience, skill level, etc., Canada has a multitude of immigration programs. If you do not meet the eligibility requirements or do not include the correct details, your PR application might be denied.

To pick ones where your credentials are a close match, analyze the eligibility criteria of the immigration programs. This will make you an eligible candidate for your application and improve your chances of acceptance. A safer choice will be to seek the assistance of an immigration consultant who will assist you with the process of applying.

Certain immigration programs submit more invitations to candidates compared to others. It helps to identify these programs and assess if you meet their eligibility requirements.

4.Failure to submit the required documents:Mandatory documentation must be included with your PR submission. Not complying with this provision would mean that your application will be denied.

Create a list of the documents needed and make sure you send them within the deadline to the Canadian embassy.

  1. Inability to show proof of funds:A Canadian PR applicant must demonstrate that he has enough funds. Evidence in the form of bank statements or bank certificates must be submitted. This is to show that he has the finances to support himself and his family. The applicant must provide documentation of the funds on the basis of the visa program he is applying for.

Based on the specifications of your PR application, include all the necessary proof of your financial assets.

6.Medical record: The Canadian government maintains that a medical certificate or a satisfactory medical report must be submitted by any PR applicant. This is to ensure that they do not create a strain on the healthcare system or pose a danger to the Canadian public by any infection they may have once they come to Canada.

Failure to specify the health criterion will lead to rejection.

  1. Criminal background: Before their application is approved, Canada PR applicants must go through a criminal background check. They must have no record of criminal crimes committed in their country of origin. This is to prevent migrants who may pose a threat to Canadian people and the state from entering the country.

For approval of your PR application, a clean record is needed. Avoid rejection of your PR visa

To reduce any chances of rejection, plan and prepare well in advance for your application submission. Be well-informed of the requirements and keep them ready well in advance.  This will ensure acceptance of your application.

What are the obligations of a PR visa holder?

If you are a PR visa holder, you must carry your PR card or permanent resident travel document (PRTD) when you are traveling to Canada. Without this, you may not be able to board a flight, boat, train or bus to the country.

You must ensure that the card is valid when you return to Canada after any travel outside the country. You should apply for a new PR card if your current one has expired.

What are the conditions for the renewal of a PR visa?

If you want to renew your PR card, ensure that you have lived in Canada for at least 730 days in the past five years. This need not be a period of continuous stay, but you need to have a record of staying in the country for this period to renew your visa. If you meet this requirement, you can apply for the renewal of your visa.

Residency obligation requirement for PR visa holders:

If you have a permanent residency in Canada, you will have to meet the residency obligation requirement as a PR visa holder. The Immigration and Refugee Protection Act of Canada says that PR visa holders should comply with this requirement for every five-year period.

The residency obligation requires that you must spend a total of 730 days (roughly two years) during this five-year period. The 730 days need not be continuous, you can enter and exit the country any number of times. But you must ensure that you spend a minimum of 730 days in the five-year period. This is relevant when you apply for the renewal of your PR visa. If you do not meet the residency obligation you are at risk of not being able to renew your PR visa and losing your PR status.

This residency obligation is verified when you make an application for the renewal of your PR visa or apply for a permanent resident travel document. Your residency obligation will be assessed at the Canadian border.

If you were not able to spend 730 days in Canada during the five-year period, you can still meet the residency requirement under the following conditions:

  • You had to travel with a spouse or parent who is a Canadian outside of Canada
  • You had to work outside of Canada on a full-time basis for a Canadian business or the Canadian provincial, territorial, or federal government
  • You had to accompany your spouse or parent who is a permanent resident and is working outside Canada for a Canadian business or the Canadian provincial, territorial, or federal government

The exemption can be made on humanitarian or compassionate grounds if you have breached the residency obligation.

Can you lose your PR status?

You run the risk of losing your PR visa if:

  • An adjudicator declares you are not a permanent resident subsequent to an inquiry or PRTD appeal
  • You give up your permanent resident status
  • A removal order comes into force against you
  • You become a Canadian citizen.

Getting your PR visa for Canada can be a long and complex process, however, the help of an immigration consultant can make it easier for you. Our expertise of over 15 years has helped many individuals in getting their Canada PR visa.

CANADA PERMANENT RESIDENT TRAVEL DOCUMENT (PRTD)

Any person wishing to enter Canada must have a valid travel document and those who have been selected for a PR visa but have to travel to Canada before they get it can enter the country with a  permanent resident travel document (PRTD) which they are eligible to apply.

In general, PRTDs are valid for one single entry into Canada, allowing a permanent resident to enter the country until a new PR card is issued. A permanent resident can only apply for a PR card from within Canada, hence the PRTD is often necessary to enter Canada. An individual can apply for the PRTD provided he meets the following criteria:

  • He must have a valid PR card showing PR status
  • He must be outside Canada
  • He will return to Canada by airplane, train, boat or bus
  • He must not be under a removal order
  • He should not be a citizen of Canada

If an individual meets the PRTD requirements they may send a request. A visa officer will review the application to ensure it is complete and that the applicant has met his residency obligations.

If the residency obligations are not met, then the individual’s permanent resident status will be at risk.

 If the applicant has failed to meet their residency obligations, then their status as a permanent resident may fall into jeopardy.

Immigrants from countries needing a visa for entry into Canada and who have obtained their permanent residence confirmation (COPR) should be given a travel visa with their COPR. This travel visa enables them to enter Canada and travel to a Canadian Port of Entry (POE) where they can begin the process of obtaining their PR visa. A newly approved permanent resident doesn’t need to receive a PRTD.

The PRTD can be used only once to enter Canada.

Federal Skilled Worker Program and Express Entry migration

The Federal Skilled Worker Program (FSWP)  is one of the three programs within the Express Entry System that an aspiring immigrant can apply under for permanent residence in Canada.

Candidates wishing to apply under the FSWP for immigration to Canada must first submit an Expression of Interest (EOI) by creating their online Express Entry profile.

The selection factors for the FSWP are like those for Express Entry and includes the following criteria:

  • Age
  • Education
  • Work experience
  • Language ability- this includes English and/or French language skills
  • Adaptability
  • Having a valid job offer

Eligibility factors

To be eligible for the FSWP, candidates must score at least 67 points in all the above criteria.

Apart from this, candidates must fulfill the following conditions to qualify for the FSWP:

  • Have at least one year of continuous full-time or equivalent paid work experience in the past 10 years in a skilled occupation
  • Qualify for Arranged Employment with a Labor Market Impact Assessment and a full-time, permanent job offer from a Canadian employer
  • Have completed a Ph.D. in Canada, or have completed two years of study in Canada towards a Ph.D. in a recognized institution
  • A foreign educational credential, and an Educational Credential Assessment (ECA) by an agency approved by CIC to show it is equal to a completed Canadian secondary or post-secondary educational credential.
  • Pass a minimum threshold of language ability for one of Canada’s two official languages (English/French)

Apart from this, all applicants must meet the health and security requirements as indicated by the IRCC.

If an applicant meets the eligibility criteria, the application makes it to the Express Entry System after which they will get an Invitation to Apply (ITA) for Canadian permanent residence.

 Documents to be submitted with the FSWP application:

  • Completed application form
  • Valid passport
  • Receipt to prove the payment of processing fees
  • Proof of identity and civil status
  • Proof of educational and professional qualifications
  • Proof of work experience
  • Certificate proving language proficiency
  • Canadian ECA
  • Police clearance certificate
  • Proof of having the required funds to support themselves and family members after coming to Canada

Processing Times

The applications for the Federal Skilled Workers Program are usually processed in six months or less.

Federal Skilled Trades Program and Express Entry

The Federal Skilled Trades Program or FSTP is one of the three programs in the Express Entry System which helps international skilled workers to secure a job and permanent residence in Canada.

The FSTP has come into focus owing to the serious skill shortage in Canada. It provides a good opportunity for skilled workers to try for a job in the country. Here are more details about the FSTP program.

Skilled workers in various occupations can submit their profiles to the FSTP and incur a chance to get an invitation to apply or ITA for a visa. The selection is based on a lottery system, but the chances of selection are high because Canada has a labor shortage in different occupations.

The government of Canada releases a list of skilled trades that are facing a shortage of labor on a regular basis. Based on this list international workers and those on a temporary work permit can apply in the FSTP to see if they have a chance to be selected.

The list of skilled trades is based on Canada’s National Occupational Classification (NOC) list. If you get your permanent resident visa through the Federal Skilled Trades Program, you will be eligible to live and work in Canada and can become a Canadian citizen after a few years.

Eligibility requirements for the Federal Skilled Trades Program

  • Must have an employment offer from two employers in Canada who have agreed to an employment term of at least one year or you must have a Certificate of Qualification from a provincial or territorial body
  • Must have work experience in a skilled trade for at least two years in a full-time or part-time job
  • Must meet or exceed the Canadian Language Benchmark (CLB) ranking or required language levels in English or French needed for the job by taking the relevant tests
  • Applicant must intend to work and live outside Quebec
  • Applicant must demonstrate his ability to meet the job requirements of the skilled trade as per NOC requirements

Education requirements

Though the FSTP does not have education requirements, an applicant who wants to earn points for his CRS score under the Express Entry system must provide:

o Proof of education- Canadian High School or Post-Secondary certificate, diploma or degree

o International applicants with a foreign degree must provide an Educational Credential Assessment (ECA) report from an agency approved by CIC

FSTP admission requirements

If you wish to enter Canada through the FSTP program, ensure that you have no reason to become ineligible to qualify for the program. This includes:

  • You are a security risk
  • You have a record of international or human rights violations
  • You are convicted of a crime within or outside of Canada
  • You have critical health issues
  • You have financial troubles
  • You gave false information in your application or interview
  • One of your family members is barred from entering Canada

Canadian Experience Class and Express Entry

Work experience and Canada PR

If you are applying under the Federal Skilled Worker program under the Express Entry category, then your work experience will be counted.

Work Experience as a student: According to this rule, if you have worked part-time or full-time while doing your bachelor’s or master’s degree, then the work experience will be considered.

Work experience obtained while you were studying may count towards your minimum requirements if the work was continuous (no job gaps), compensated by wages or commissions and fulfills all other program requirements.

Skilled work experience: You will be given points for full-time work and not for any seasonal work. Your occupation must be listed as Skill Type 0 or Skill Level A or B of the National Occupational Classification (NOC). This will include:

  • Managerial jobs (skill type 0)
  • Professional jobs (skill level A)
  • Technical jobs and skilled trades (skill level B)

If the IRCC must consider your work experience for the PR visa application, you must prove that you have performed the duties that appear in the lead statement of the occupational description in the NOC. This will include all the essential duties and the main duties listed in the description.

Skilled work experience specifications

You must have worked in the same job that has the same NOC as the job you have specified in your immigration application which will be called your primary occupation

You must have been in this job for the last ten years

Paid work means you must have been paid wages or commission for this job, this exempts volunteer work and unpaid internships

Work experience will include at least one year of continuous work or 1, 560 hours of total work which is 30 hours of work per week.

  • You can meet this requirement by working at a full-time job for 30 hours per week for 12 months
  • You can work for an equal amount of time in a part-time job for 15 hours per week for 24 months
  • You can work full time at more than one job for more than 30 hours per week for 12 months at more than one job for one year
  • You can work at a part-time job you can work for either more or less than 15 hours per week if it adds up to 1,560 hours
  • Any work that you do for more than 30 hours per week is not considered

Educational pathway for Canada PR

PR applicants are evaluated on various criteria such as age, skills, education, age and work experience.

If a candidate decides to study in Canada, he will gain points in three areas-language, education and work experience and additional points if he is young. Education in Canada can give valuable points for various immigration streams such as Express Entry or PNP streams.

Students are also allowed to work up to 20 hours per week while pursuing their course which helps them gain valuable Canadian work experience and add points to their CRS score.

Studying in Canada will help you get familiar with the culture, people and language (English/French) which will help your social integration once you become a permanent resident.

Benefits of Post-Graduation Work Permit (PGWP)

Apart from providing one of the best facilities to international students, a recent policy adopted by the government allows students who begin their course online in the fall of 2020 to obtain their Post-Graduation Work Permit (PGWP) after their studies are over.

The PGWP helps foreign students obtain job experience in Canada after completing their course of study at a designated learning institute (DLI). The PGWP is valid for three years, depending on the study program’s duration.

The work experience gained through the PGWP proves to be a major advantage when they submit their federal or provincial immigration application for a PR visa. Under the Express Entry system, applicants who have studied in Canada will get additional points for their education and work experience in the country. This will add to their CRS score.

These students can also apply under the Canadian Experience Class program which recognizes the work experience gained in Canada in the PR visa application.

Prior work experience and PR visa

Prior work experience is a highly favorable factor in gaining a PR visa, it is an indication that a foreign worker will easily fit in with the needs of the Canadian labor market. More than 93 percent of PNP candidates and 95 percent of CEC candidates have prior work experience. This acts in their favor while applying for a PR visa.

Many of the CEC and PNP candidates would have come to study in Canada and accumulated some work experience through the Post-graduate work Permit (PGWP) requirements. This indicates that they would have already lived in Canada for many years before acquiring permanent residency. They would have also acquired the skills necessary to succeed in the Canadian job market such as having the required knowledge for the job as well as language proficiency. Pursuing a degree in Canada comes with inherent advantages.

Immigrants with pre-arranged jobs earned 15 percent more than those without, during their first two years after becoming permanent residents.

This may explain why immigration applicants who have a pre-arranged job offer are given between 50 and 200 additional Comprehensive Ranking System (CRS) points, depending on the seniority of the position offered. CRS is the point system used by the Express Entry system to assess candidates who apply for one of Canada’s economic immigration programs (FSWP, PNP and CEC, among others).

In addition, immigrants who had a high income in Canada before becoming permanent residents earned almost double those who had no Canadian work experience.

Startup visa program for permanent residency

The Startup Visa program offers permanent resident visa to qualified immigrants who wish to start a business in the country. The other name for this visa program is the Startup Class.

Under this visa program, candidates can come to Canada on a work permit which is sponsored by their Canada-based investor and then apply for a PR visa once their business is established in the country.

This program encourages immigrant entrepreneurs to develop their startups in Canada. Successful applicants can tie-up with private sector investor in Canada to receive help on funding and guidance on running their business. The three types of private sector investors they can approach are:

  1. Venture capital fund
  2. Business incubator
  3. Angel investor

 Eligibility requirements for visa applicants are:

  • Have proof that the business has the required support from a designated entity in the form of a Commitment Certificate and Letter of Support
  • Have a qualifying business
  • Have the required proficiency in English or French
  • Have completed at least one year of post-secondary education
  • Have enough funds to settle in Canada and support dependent family members
  • Must clear the medical tests and security requirements

Specific guidelines

This visa program has specific guidelines on the ownership and shareholding requirements for a startup.

Applicants for this visa must have the support or sponsorship of a specified Canadian venture capital fund, angel investor or business incubator to qualify for the visa.

The IRCC has designated specific venture capital funds, investor groups and business incubators to be part of this visa program.

Startups that succeed in getting through this program must be able to get the minimum required investment. If it is from a venture capital fund, the minimum investment should be USD 200,000. If the investment is from an angel investor group, the investment should be at least USD 75,000. Applicants must be accepted by a designated business incubator as a member of the business incubator program.

Qualifying for a work permit and later permanent residence

To qualify for a work permit, the candidate can apply for one after receiving the Commitment certificate from a designated entity.

In order to qualify for a permanent residence, the candidate must be fully involved in managing the business in Canada which must be incorporated in the country. The business operations at least the essential part must take place in Canada.

Processing time for work permit and PR visa under the Startup visa program

If the entrepreneur has a viable business project, the commitment letter or letter of support will take about 4 to 6 months. Once the candidate gets this letter, he can make an application for a PR visa. The PR visa will take approximately 18 months to be processed.

The Startup Visa program does not require applicants to invest their own money in the business. This program can a pathway to a PR visa for immigration candidates who want to be entrepreneurs.

You must have worked in the same job that has the same NOC as the job you have specified in your immigration application which will be called your primary occupation

You must have been in this job for the last ten years

Paid work means you must have been paid wages or commission for this job, this exempts volunteer work and unpaid internships

Work experience will include at least one year of continuous work or 1, 560 hours of total work which is 30 hours of work per week.

  • You can meet this requirement by working at a full-time job for 30 hours per week for 12 months
  • You can work for an equal amount of time in a part-time job for 15 hours per week for 24 months
  • You can work full time at more than one job for more than 30 hours per week for 12 months at more than one job for one year
  • You can work at a part-time job you can work for either more or less than 15 hours per week if it adds up to 1,560 hours

Any work that you do for more than 30 hours per week is not considered

The Canadian Experience Class or CEC program is aimed to help foreign workers or students who are staying on a temporary basis in Canada to become permanent residents. It considers their work experience or education and their contribution to Canadian society for granting PR status.

You can qualify for this visa if you have studied or worked in Canada and meet the minimum requirements. The other important eligibility requirements are:

  • 12 months of work experience- either full-time or part-time in the past three years
  • Work experience must have proper authorization
  • Applicant must have plans to live in a province outside Quebec
  • Meet the language proficiency requirements

Canada’s immigration pilot programs

The federal government’s strategy of launching pilot programs is an endeavor to improve the immigration programs of Canada. The pilot programs become a testing ground to assess whether the intended results are achieved before the immigration program becomes permanent.

Some popular and recent pilot programs

Atlantic Immigration Pilot Program

This immigration program was launched in 2017 to help bring more workers to the country’s Atlantic region that includes the four Atlantic provinces of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador, and Prince Edward Island.

It is the most successful pilot program launched so far. More than 4000 migrants have settled in the Atlantic region of Canada under this program.  The government is proposing to make this program permanent with a target of at least 5000 migrants every year.

Under this employer-driven program which does not require an LMIA, employers in the Atlantic region can hire international workers. If a prospective immigrant receives a job offer from any of the participating employers, they will receive support for the immigration process to settle down in Canada.

To be eligible for the program, you must first get a job offer from one of the employers under the program.

The AIPP proposes to welcome more than 7,000 foreign nationals with their families by 2021 to the Atlantic Canada region. There are three programs under the AIPP:

  • Atlantic High-skilled Program
  • Atlantic Intermediate-skilled Program
  • Atlantic International Graduate Program

However, applicants can apply only under one of these programs. Each program has its own set of eligibility requirements. The best part is that this program offers a pathway to a PR visa.

Agri-food Immigration Pilot

The Agri-Food Immigration Pilot was launched in July 2019 to help meet the labor shortage in the agricultural sector in the country constantly deals with. The agri-food immigration pilot started accepting applications in May 2020. The pilot program was introduced to meet labor shortages in the agriculture industry.

Each year, the agri-food industry yields $110 billion in domestic sales plus an extra $65 billion in export sales. The industry supports 1 in every 8 Canadian jobs.

But talent shortages have stunted the agri-food industry’s potential for economic growth.

The agri-food immigration pilot is an attempt to hire Temporary Foreign Workers (TFWs) to meet the labor shortage in the industry. This is the first industry-specific immigration stream launched by Immigration, Refugees, and Citizenship Canada (IRCC). The program will allow a maximum of 2,750 candidates and their family members to submit applications every year.

The applications will be accepted till May 2023 according to the IRCC.

If the program runs for three years as planned will lead to 16,500 new permanent residents at the end of three years. The pilot program was launched to meet the labor needs in the agri-food sector in Canada.

In 2019, the federal government launched the Rural and Northern Immigration Pilot (RNIP).  Today the provinces of Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta, and British Columbia are participating in the RNIP.

Employers in Canada who sign up for the pilot program will be eligible for the Labor Market Impact Assessment (LMIA) for a period of two years.

Temporary foreign workers will also be able to apply under the pilot from this year.

 

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FAQ

If you are an overseas skilled worker, you must opt for the FSW – Federal Skilled Worker stream to apply for Canada PR. You must score at least 67 points for the FSW stream. This is based on your French/English language proficiency, work experience, education, and age for creating a profile. You will enter the pool of candidates in the Express Entry system if selected.

The minimum IELTS bands requirement for an applicant of Canada PR is as follows:

  • Express Entry: 6 bands in the individual module – Speaking, Writing, Reading, and Listening
  • Provincial Nominee Program: 6 bands in the individual module – Speaking, Writing, Reading, and Listening
  • Saskatchewan Immigrant Nominee Program (Stream Occupation in-demand): 4.5 bands in the individual module – Speaking, Writing, Reading, and Listening
  • Quebec: CLB 5 (Speaking 5 bands, Writing 5 bands, Reading 4 bands, and Listening 5 bands)

Canada has 3 economic immigration programs under Express Entry. These are the pathways for skilled overseas workers to obtain the Canada PR. The IELTS bands required for applying for Canada PR through the 3 economic immigration programs are:

  • Federal Skilled Worker Program:

The language test results must be better than or on par with CLB 7 (Canadian Language Benchmark) to apply through this program. CLB 7 corresponds to IELTS bands score of 6 for Speaking, Writing, Reading, and Listening.

  • Canada Experience Class Program:

The minimum IELTS bands requirement for applying through this program is bands score of 6 if the occupation is in NOC A or 0. It is possible to apply with IELTS bands score of 5 for Speaking, Writing, Listening and 4 Reading if the occupation is in NOC B skill level.

  • Federal Skilled Trades Program:

The language test results must be on par with CLB 4 (Canadian Language Benchmark) to apply through this program. CLB 4 corresponds to IELTS bands score of 4 for Speaking, Writing, 4.5 in Listening and 3.5 in Reading.

Nevertheless, the better your test results, the more the number of points you can score. This will also enhance your chances of immigrating through Canada PR Visa.

The process to obtain the Canada PR Visa can be initiated individually by the interested applicants. However, given the elaborate documentation and process compliance required, it is highly advisable that you avail services of reputed Immigration and Visa Consultants to initiate the process.

At the basic level, the application for Canada PR Visa requires the applicant to:

  • Provide criminal record check and medical certificate
  • Fill and submit a complete application for PR Visa
  • Pay the specified Visa fee
  • Attend an interview with the Immigration Officers

Apart from this, the following may or may not be needed based on the category and nature of your application:

  • Official translations, copies, and Original documents that support the application. This includes Educational Certificates, Diplomas, and Degrees, Documents for Personal Identification or and Sponsor Letters, and appropriate information.
  • Adequate funds to support oneself during the initial period in Canada
  • Test results for Skills Assessment
  • Evidence of status as a Refugee
  • Test results for Language proficiency
  • Additional fees
  • Other tests or documentation

This is a Multiple-entry long-term Canada Visa for grandparents and parents of a Canadian citizen or PR Visa holder. The PGP Super Visa is a provisional Resident Permit. It permits grandparents and parents to remain in Canada for a maximum of 2 years per visit. The validity of this Visa is a maximum of 10 years.

A normal Multiple-entry Visa also has a maximum validity of 10 years. But it permits a stay of only 180 days per visit.

No, a citizen of Canada cannot sponsor an individual who is not a member of the family. This is if the individual is not a relative or member of the family class.

Canada PR visa is valid for five years  

  • PR visa holders should be aware of the expiration date of their PR visa.  
  • They will have to submit their renewal application six months before their PR visa expires. 
Sl. No.Draw No.Date of DrawMinimum CRSITAs issued
1#17613-Feb-217527,332
2#17510-Feb-21720654
3#17421-Jan-214544,626
4#17320-Jan-21741374
5#1727-Jan-214614750
6#1716-Jan-21813250
7#17023-Dec-204685,000
8#1699-Dec-204695,000
9#16825-Nov-204695,000
10#16718-Nov-204725,000
11#1665-Nov-204784,500
12#16514-Oct-204714,500
13#16430-Sep-204714,200
14#16316-Sep-204724,200
15#1622-Sep-204754,200
16#161 [CEC]20-Aug-204543,300
17#160 [PNP]19-Aug-20771600
18#159 [FSTP]6-Aug-20415250
19#1585-Aug-204763,900
20#157 [CEC]23-Jul-204453,343
21#156 [PNP]22-Jul-20687557
22#1558-Jul-204783,900
23#154 [CEC]25-Jun-204313,508
24#153 [PNP]24-Jun-20696392
25#152 [CEC]11-Jun-204373,559
26#151 [PNP]10-Jun-20743341
27#150 [CEC]28-May-204403,515
28#149 [PNP]27-May-20757385
29#148 [CEC]15-May-204473,371
30#147 [PNP]13-May-20718529
31#146 [CEC]1-May-204523,311
32#145 [PNP]29-Apr-20692589
33#144 [CEC]16-Apr-204553,782
34#143 [PNP]15-Apr-20808118
35#142 [CEC]9-Apr-204643,294
36#141 [PNP]9-Apr-20698606
37#140 [CEC]23-Mar-204673,232
38#139 [PNP]18-Mar-20720668
39#1384-Mar-204713,900
40#13719-Feb-204704,500
41#1365-Feb-204723,500
42#13522-Jan-204713,400
43#1348-Jan-204733,400
Total ITAs issued in 2020 so far – 1,45,336

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